STING is a cell-intrinsic metabolic checkpoint restricting aerobic Glycolysis by targeting HK2

During GLP-1associated weight loss, lean-mass changes are typically adaptive and preventable , not degenerative. GLP-1 Body Composition Changes: What Clinical Trials Show About Muscle Loss Clinical trials and body-composition sub-studies of semaglutide and tirzepatide consistently demonstrate: Fat mass accounts for most weight lost during treatment. Lean mass may decrease , particularly without resistance training or adequate protein intake. In many patients, the proportion of lean mass relative to total body weight is preserved or improved , because fat loss exceeds lean loss. Key clinical insight: GLP-1/GIP therapies improve overall body composition by preferentially reducing fat massnot by causing muscle breakdown. Lean mass refers to all the non-fat tissues in the bodyprimarily skeletal muscle , but also organs, bones, connective tissue, and body waterthat support metabolism, movement, and overall physical function

Indeed, in January 2025, the Surgeon General of the United States released a report raising awareness of the links between cancer and alcohol consumption 4
Assessment of sleep duration and cortisol levels among selected South African medical students
Schmid P, Cortes J, Pusztai L, McArthur H, Kmmel S, Bergh J, et al